{"id":4544,"date":"2020-11-05T21:45:26","date_gmt":"2020-11-05T20:45:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ireporteri.cz\/onkologicka-s-onkologickou-diagnozou-zije-clovek-cely-zivot-nemela-by-to-byt-stigma\/"},"modified":"2020-11-05T21:45:26","modified_gmt":"2020-11-05T20:45:26","slug":"onkologicka-s-onkologickou-diagnozou-zije-clovek-cely-zivot-nemela-by-to-byt-stigma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ireporteri.cz\/?p=4544","title":{"rendered":"Onkologi\u010dka: S onkologickou diagn\u00f3zou \u017eije \u010dlov\u011bk cel\u00fd \u017eivot, nem\u011bla by to b\u00fdt stigma"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Marie Re\u010dkov\u00e1 je klinickou onkologick\u00fdch a z\u00e1rove\u0148 \u0159editelkou N\u00e1rodn\u00edho onkologick\u00e9ho institutu od jeho zalo\u017een\u00ed v roce 2018. Spolu se sv\u00fdm pracovn\u00edm t\u00fdmem spolupracuje s pacientsk\u00fdmi organizacemi, d\u00e1v\u00e1 dohromady informace v r\u00e1mci prevence onkologick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed bro\u017eury a apeluje na prevenci a screening. Institut tak\u00e9 podporuje klinick\u00fd onkologick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum. Screening je podle Marie Re\u010dkov\u00e1, kter\u00e1 st\u00e1le p\u016fsob\u00ed i v praxi v Popradu, jednou z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdzev v onkologii na Slovensku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jak dnes funguj\u00ed screeningy na Slovensku a co si pod t\u00edm lze p\u0159edstavit?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Screening p\u0159edstavuje sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed prevenci v onkologii. Je to hled\u00e1n\u00ed onkologick\u00e9ho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed v \u010dasn\u00e9m stadiu, je\u0161t\u011b v dob\u011b, kdy nejsou p\u0159\u00edtomny \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 symptomy, tedy \u010dlov\u011bk se c\u00edt\u00ed zdr\u00e1v. C\u00edlem je zachytit onemocn\u011bn\u00ed v \u010dasn\u00e9m, potenci\u00e1ln\u011b vyl\u00e9\u010diteln\u00e1 st\u00e1diu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Screening tedy neznamen\u00e1 p\u0159edch\u00e1zen\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. V\u011bt\u0161ina onkologick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed nem\u00e1 jednoduchou screeningovou metodu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010casto se zachyt\u00ed a\u017e na z\u00e1klad\u011b n\u011bjak\u00fdch zdravotn\u00edch projev\u016f. N\u00e1lezy b\u00fdvaj\u00ed zachyceny i n\u00e1hodn\u011b, kdy\u017e pacient podstupuje vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed z jin\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu p\u0159i jin\u00e9m zdravotn\u00edm probl\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Screeningy se v sou\u010dasnosti doporu\u010duj\u00ed p\u0159i rakovin\u011b tlust\u00e9ho st\u0159eva, karcinomu d\u011blo\u017en\u00edho \u010d\u00edpku a prsu. Doposud screening na Slovensku prob\u00edhal oportunn\u00ed, tedy bez zvan\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Od roku 2019 bylo na Slovensku zah\u00e1jeno pozv\u00e1n\u00ed na screening zdravotn\u00edmi poji\u0161\u0165ovnami t\u011bch lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed indikov\u00e1no vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed v r\u00e1mci preventivn\u00edch prohl\u00eddek neabsolvuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Screening karcinomu prsu je na Slovensku doporu\u010den\u00fd od 50. roku \u017eivota do 69 let. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b karcinomu d\u011blo\u017en\u00edho \u010d\u00edpku je screening doporu\u010den\u00fd ji\u017e od 23. roku a screening rakoviny tlust\u00e9ho st\u0159eva a kone\u010dn\u00edku od 50. do 75. roku \u017eivota.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Existuj\u00ed d\u016fkazy, \u017ee \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd screeningov\u00fd program dos\u00e1hneme, kdy\u017e se vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed z\u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed alespo\u0148 50 procent lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nap\u0159\u00edklad \u0160v\u00e9dov\u00e9 maj\u00ed v praxi zaveden\u00e9 screeningy dlouhodob\u011b. Ned\u00e1vno zve\u0159ejnili studii, podle n\u00ed\u017e \u017eeny, kter\u00e9 podstupovali screening, m\u011bli o 60 procent ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00famrtnost na rakovinu prsu ne\u017e ty, kter\u00e9 screening neabsolvovali.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jak auto\u0159i uvedli, pozorovan\u00e1 ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00famrtnost je krom\u011b zaveden\u00e9ho screeningu zp\u016fsobena i zlep\u0161en\u00fdmi l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdmi mo\u017enostmi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Screening je tedy sp\u00ed\u0161e nouzov\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro lidi, kte\u0159\u00ed se vyh\u00fdbaj\u00ed standardn\u00ed prevenci? Jak\u00fd je postoj \u017een k preventivn\u00edm prohl\u00eddk\u00e1m na Slovensku?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nen\u00ed pravda, \u017ee screening je nouzov\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Naopak, pokud hovo\u0159\u00edme o screeningu karcinomu prsu, je ur\u010den pro celou populaci \u017een v dan\u00e9m v\u011bku. B\u011b\u017en\u011b se prov\u00e1d\u00ed u \u017een, kter\u00e9 jsou star\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 50 let, ka\u017ed\u00e9 dva roky. P\u0159i zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9m riziku m\u016f\u017ee l\u00e9ka\u0159 poslat \u017eenu na mamografick\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed v r\u00e1mci screeningu d\u0159\u00edve, v ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm v\u011bku, a ka\u017ed\u00fd rok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jeliko\u017e na Slovensku prob\u00edh\u00e1 takov\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed v r\u00e1mci preventivn\u00edch prohl\u00eddek u gynekologa, na screening jsou zv\u00e1ny jen ty \u017eeny, kter\u00e9 se preventivn\u00edch prohl\u00eddek, a tedy screeningu v r\u00e1mci nich, ne\u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nem\u00e1me sice p\u0159esn\u00e9 \u00fadaje, ale p\u0159edpoklad je, \u017ee na preventivn\u00ed prohl\u00eddky chod\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 30 procent lid\u00ed. V\u011bdom\u00ed n\u00e1roda se m\u011bn\u00ed k lep\u0161\u00edmu, ale st\u00e1le mnoho lid\u00ed prevenci zanedb\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ireporteri.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/pexels-anna-tarazevich-5482985-1-731x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-369\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Podle Slovensk\u00e9 statistik na Slovensku dojde k p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 300 \u00famrt\u00edm \u017een na rakovinu prsu, kter\u00fdm se dalo zabr\u00e1nit. Jsou tato \u010d\u00edsla aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Posledn\u00ed publikovan\u00e9 \u00fadaje, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1me na Slovensku k dispozici z N\u00e1rodn\u00edho onkologick\u00e9ho registru, jsou z roku 2011, ale je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee karcinom prsu je u \u017een celosv\u011btov\u011b na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b z hlediska nov\u00fdch n\u00e1lez\u016f i \u00famrtnosti. Odhaduje se, \u017ee na Slovensku m\u00e1me p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 3000 nov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f ro\u010dn\u011b a necel\u00fdch 650 \u017een onemocn\u011bn\u00ed podlehne.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Marie Re\u010dkov\u00e1 je klinickou onkologick\u00fdch a z\u00e1rove\u0148 \u0159editelkou N\u00e1rodn\u00edho onkologick\u00e9ho institutu od jeho zalo\u017een\u00ed v roce 2018. Spolu se sv\u00fdm pracovn\u00edm t\u00fdmem spolupracuje s pacientsk\u00fdmi organizacemi, d\u00e1v\u00e1 dohromady informace v&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":367,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[293],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4544","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ireporteri.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4544","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ireporteri.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ireporteri.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ireporteri.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ireporteri.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4544"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ireporteri.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4544\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ireporteri.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/367"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ireporteri.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4544"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ireporteri.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4544"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ireporteri.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4544"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}